Aim: Attention‑deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and its etiology
of it has not been fully elucidated yet. We tried to evaluate the familial aspects of anxiety disorders and
ADHD in this study. Materials and Methods: Our study group comprised 128 parents aged between
24 and 60 years (114 mothers and 14 fathers) of 128 children with diagnosis of ADHD (n = 47), anxiety
disorders (n = 30), and ADHD + anxiety disorders (n = 51) who had been evaluated by the department
of child and adolescent psychiatry. Findings of anxiety disorders and ADHD were evaluated in
accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual‑V Criteria. Beck Anxiety Inventory, Wender Utah
Rating Scale (WURS), and Turgay’s Adult Attention‑Deficit Disorder (ADD)/ADHD Diagnosis and
Evaluation Scale were applied to parents. Results: Anxiety levels, WURS, and Turgay’s Adult ADD/
ADHD Diagnosis and Evaluation Scale points did not be differentiated between groups. 16.7% (n = 5)
of ADHD + anxiety, 6.4% of ADHD (n = 3), and 9.8% (n = 5) of anxiety group of parents were
high‑degree ADD/ADHD (+). Conclusion: Our study results show that there are some familial features
of ADHD and anxiety disorders. Considering the relationship between these two disorders during the
psychiatric care of children as well as their parents is deeply important for clinicians.

Introduction: Neurological conditions have a long‑term impact on the individual and their family
and also affect one’s general and mental health. Materials and Methods: This cross‑sectional
study aimed to assess the psychological morbidity among 50 primary caregivers of persons with
a neurological disability and was conducted using a self‑reporting questionnaire. Results: Most
of them were female (64.0%), and predominantly, the caregiver was mother (50.0%). Most of the
caregivers have reported felt nervous, tense, or worried during hospitalization (76.0%); felt unhappy
during caregiving (86.0%); and faced difficulty to enjoy daily activities (74.0%). In addition to that,
(98.0%) caregiver’s have reported that their day to day work suffered, (70.0%) were unable to play a
usual part in life. Conclusion: The study would highlight the need for screening the mental health of
the caregivers of persons with neurological disabilities.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
In a Wistar rat model, we studied Alzheimer‑like symptoms using a high‑fat diet (HFD) and
streptozotocin (STZ) to replicate insulin resistance and the resulting neurobehavioral abnormalities.
Curcumin, a flavonoid in turmeric, was studied for its potential therapeutic effects. Aim: This
study sought to look at the exploratory, discriminatory, and spatial cognitive indices in rats.
Materials and Methods: Thirty‑six male Wistar rats were randomized into six groups and given
the following treatments: olive oil only for control; curcumin only for the curcumin group; HFD
and three doses STZ for the diabetic rats; HFD, three doses STZ, and concurrent treatment with
curcumin for the protective group; pretreatment with curcumin, then HFD and three doses STZ for
a preventive group; and HFD, three doses STZ, and curcumin for a therapeutic group. Subsequently,
line and center line crossing frequency assessed rats’ exploratory activities; rearing frequency data
assessed novel environment behavior. The novel object recognition test and Morris water maze test
assessed discrimination and spatial memory. Data were analyzed using one‑way analysis of variance
and Tukey’s post hoc test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Our findings
revealed that insulin resistance prolonged escape latency of untreated diabetic rats; contrariwise,
curcumin significantly reduced escape latency, increased difference score in novel object
recognition paradigm, and increased explorative activities. Conclusion: Oral curcumin improves
exploratory activity, discriminating memory, and spatial memory in male Wistar rats with AD‑like
neurobehavioral impairments. Patients with neurobehavioral abnormalities and comorbid insulin
resistance may benefit from the flavonoids in curcumin.

Aim: One of the important factors that cause stress today is aimlessness. Determining the meaning
and purposes of life has an impact on both the mental and physical health of the individual. Two
types of values are mentioned as tool values and purpose values. Measuring the life goals to include
these values is seen as important for determining the life goal skills of individuals. Hence, it is aimed
to measure meaning and purpose and to measure perceptions about it. Materials and Methods: This
study aimed to carry out validity and reliability studies of the Uskudar Life Meaning and Goals
Scale (USLIFE). The sample consisted of 1026 people from Turkey. Factor analysis revealed that the
scale consists of seven factors. Results: The first factor “Abstract Meaning Skill” explains 14.59%
of the variance, the second factor “Skill to Delay of Gratification” 10.31% of the variance, the third
factor “Concrete Meaning Skill” 8.97% of the variance, the fourth factor “Internal Control Skill”
5.53% of the variance, the fifth factor “Medium‑ and Long‑Term Planning Skill” 4.60% of the
variance, the sixth factor “Belief in Death” 4.39% of the variance, and the seventh factor “Ego Ideal
Perception” explains 3.87% of the variance. The seven‑factor structure consisting of 28 items in
total explained 52.28%. In addition, seven factors confirmed the USLIFE in the confirmatory factor
analysis. Goodness‑of‑fit values were found to be acceptable. The Cronbach’s alpha value of the
scale was found to be 0.74. Conclusion: A valid and reliable scale, named “USLIFE,” has emerged.
This scale measures people’s life goals skills and is graded in the five‑point Likert type between
“completely agree” and “never agree.”

Abstract
Aim: In this article, it is argued that the elusive mind qualifies as an active agent which works through
the brain rather than the brain creating the subjective mind or acting as the mind itself. Materials and
Methods: This article relies on observation‑based reasoned arguments and thus it is philosophical in
nature. Discussion: We seem to be living in a virtual reality interwoven of subjective experiences of
sights, sounds, tastes, smells, colors, pain, and pleasure, all rendered by the enigmatic mind. The mind
cannot be reduced to physical existence such as the sporadic electrical activity of the brain since no
electrical activity has ever produced such cohesive subjective experience, the same way that the laws
of physics cannot be reduced to matter and energy that comprise the physical existence. Conclusion:
Unlike properties, agencies differ from emergent quantities in that agencies more than passively qualify
matter; they actively control and rule matter. Agencies are characterized by causal power, and thus
the capacity to cause changes. Several agencies can be identified in nature. The agency of physics is
associated with the physical realm and is comprised of the universal laws and forces of physics. Life
qualifies as a purposive agency which is comprised of the laws and influences of life. Even quantum
fields act like virtual mechanisms and thus qualify as active agents associated with the production of
the fundamental particles of physics with a fixed set of properties out of quanta of energy.

Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays, radiology is playing a very essential role in quantitative imaging
from medical images to quantitative biomarkers. Integration of this numerical information
into structured reports can make it more practical tool for an accurate diagnosis of dementia.
Materials and Methods: This research developed a structured radiological report template for
dementia as an automated integration of quantitative imaging biomarkers of magnetic resonance
images into neurological structured reporting as a new achievement in the Management of Radiology
Report Templates in a more organized style. Results: A significant accuracy rather than free
conventional style for dementia patients. Conclusion: Final aim of this study is making this feature
available to make the best decision on patients with some dementia signs.

Abstract
Background: Linguists first coined the term anxiety in the 1600s to define a state of severe restlessness
and worry. When we look at the Turkish dictionaries and printed sources, we see that the definition of
anxiety is made simply as anxiety, fear, and worry. Anxiety; which we can describe as a mental and
physical reaction, a defense strategy, against an event or fear. It will threaten the survival of the life; it is
seen in two ways as situational anxiety and trait anxiety. Situational anxiety, as the name suggests, arises
when faced with a threat or stress factor, while trait anxiety is an anxiety that occurs internally, independent
of the event or situation. Aims and Objectives: For the continuity of one’s cognitive and behavioral
abilities, not only anxiety but also the perception of time has a great place in the continuity of life. The
findings that help us understand one’s time perspective are internal clock models and related mechanisms.
This study aims to investigate the effect of anxiety on time perspective. Materials and Methods: To this
end, the Beck Anxiety Scale, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, and the demographic information
form were used to collect data. Data were collected from a total of 168 participants, 44 females and
124 males. Results and Conclusion: When the findings are evaluated in general terms, there was a
moderately negative relationship between anxiety and past positive perspective and a moderately positive
relationship between past negative perspective. Based on this result, anxiety prevents a positive perception
of the past; on the contrary, it can be said that it causes a negative perception of the past.

Background: Children’s anger and aggressive behaviors become a problem for teachers and parents
at home, in the classroom, or the playground. Pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches
are recommended for children who cannot control their anger. Child‑centered play therapy is one
of these approaches. Aim: This study aimed to reveal the effect of child‑centered play therapy on
children with anger issues. Materials and Methods: The study group consists of 25 volunteer child
clients with anger symptoms, and the control group consists of 25 volunteer child clients without
anger symptoms. Each participant was given child‑centered play therapy with 45‑min sessions twice
a week for 3 weeks during the research process. The Trait Anger‑Anger Style Scale was administered
to the participants before and after the therapy. Results: As a result of the study, it was shown
that children with anger issues experienced a significant change and improved after child‑centered
play therapy. Children have become able to control their anger. At the same time, improvement was
observed in the verbal and behavioral expression of anger. Conclusion: The results of this study
indicate that child‑centered play therapy can be an effective treatment option for children with anger
issues and aggressive behaviors.

Background: Memorizing the Quran is an education continuing from the early periods of Islamic education until today. Although this education started in the past to protect the Quran, nowadays, it is continuing as a tradition. Aims and Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of memorizing the Quran on certain cognitive functions of individuals. Materials and Methods: The scope of the study is limited to 18 female and 15 male students who have been studying in the 5th, 6th, and 7th grades of Anatolian Imam Preacher Secondary Schools in different districts of İstanbul. After Demographic Information Questionnaire was used, California Verbal Learning Test children’s version, Wechsler Memory Scale revised visual reproduction subtest, Trail Making Test, and Verbal Fluency Test were applied twice to collect data about individuals before and after memorization training. Results: Findings demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference
in verbal learning, visual learning, attention speed, and phonemic and semantic fluency before and after memorization training. Conclusion: In conclusion, memorizing the Quran has positive impacts on verbal and visual memory, attention processes, and lexical and semantic fluency of individuals. It is important with regard to eliminate emptiness in the literature. In future studies, it can be investigated the effects of textual memorization in a foreign language on brain structures and connections.

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to have children with and without mental retardation (MR) (diagnosed with MR), it is to compare and examine parents’ death anxiety. Materials and Methods: The research is based on the screening model. The sample group of the study consists of 120 people in total, consisting of parents (n = 60) of children who are followed up in a private counseling and research center due to the presence of intellectual disability, and parents with typically developed children (n = 60) as the comparison group. Sociodemographic information of the participants, who could be included in the study on a voluntary basis, was filled in by the researcher using face to face interview method using the Sociodemographic Information Form, and their death anxiety levels were evaluated with the Multidimensional Evaluation Inventory for Death and Dying. In comparing the quantitative data of the study, the t test, which is the two independent variable tests, was used to analyze the difference between the two parametric groups. The relationship between the scales was tested with Pearson Correlation analysis. Multiple linear regression was used to see the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. Results: As a result of the research findings, it was found that there are statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between the scores of the compared groups. Death anxiety of parents with mentally retarded children was found to be higher than parents of typically developed children. Conclusion: This research is important in terms of providing the opportunity for cross cultural comparison and contributing to the policies to be developed on the subject..